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Cataract surgery is the most common application of lens removal surgery, and is usually associated with lens replacement. It is used to remove the natural lens of the eye when it has developed a cataract, a cloudy area in the lens that causes visual impairment. [ 4][ 10] Cataracts usually develop slowly and can affect one or both eyes. [ 4]
Cataracts cause 51% of all cases of blindnessand 33% of visual impairmentworldwide. [3][9] Cataracts are most commonly due to agingbut may also occur due to traumaor radiation exposure, be present from birth, or occur following eye surgery for other problems. [1][4]Risk factors include diabetes, longstanding use of corticosteroidmedication ...
Specialty. Ophthalmology. Retinal detachment is a disorder of the eye in which the retina peels away from its underlying layer of support tissue. [ 1] Initial detachment may be localized, but without rapid treatment the entire retina may detach, leading to vision loss and blindness. It is a surgical emergency.
Uveitis. Uveitis ( / ˌjuːvi.aɪtɪs /) is inflammation of the uvea, the pigmented layer of the eye between the inner retina and the outer fibrous layer composed of the sclera and cornea. [1] The uvea consists of the middle layer of pigmented vascular structures of the eye and includes the iris, ciliary body, and choroid.
MeSH. D002763. CPT. 47562. [ edit on Wikidata] Cholecystectomy is the surgical removal of the gallbladder. Cholecystectomy is a common treatment of symptomatic gallstones and other gallbladder conditions. [ 1] In 2011, cholecystectomy was the eighth most common operating room procedure performed in hospitals in the United States. [ 2]
Diagnosis is by the use of cycloplegics during eye examination. [12] Tentative evidence indicates that the risk of myopia can be decreased by having young children spend more time outside. [13] [14] This decrease in risk may be related to natural light exposure. [15] Myopia can be corrected with eyeglasses, contact lenses, or by refractive surgery.
Knee replacement, also known as knee arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure to replace the weight-bearing surfaces of the knee joint to relieve pain and disability, most commonly offered when joint pain is not diminished by conservative sources. [ 1][ 2] It may also be performed for other knee diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis.
Blood is composed of blood cells suspended in blood plasma. Plasma, which constitutes 55% of blood fluid, is mostly water (92% by volume), [ 2] and contains proteins, glucose, mineral ions, and hormones. The blood cells are mainly red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and (in mammals) platelets (thrombocytes). [ 3]