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Overview. Neutrino speed as a function of relativistic kinetic energy, with neutrino mass < 0.2 eV/c². It was assumed for a long time in the framework of the standard model of particle physics that neutrinos are massless. Thus, they should travel at exactly the speed of light, according to special relativity.
The speed of light in vacuum, commonly denoted c, is a universal physical constant that is exactly equal to 299,792,458 metres per second (approximately 300,000 kilometres per second; 186,000 miles per second; 671 million miles per hour). [Note 3] According to the special theory of relativity, c is the upper limit for the speed at which ...
Faster-than-light ( superluminal or supercausal) travel and communication are the conjectural propagation of matter or information faster than the speed of light ( c ). The special theory of relativity implies that only particles with zero rest mass (i.e., photons) may travel at the speed of light, and that nothing may travel faster.
Cherenkov radiation glowing in the core of the Advanced Test Reactor at Idaho National Laboratory. Cherenkov radiation (/ tʃ ə ˈ r ɛ ŋ k ɒ f / [1]) (also known as Čerenkov or Cerenkov radiation [2]) is electromagnetic radiation emitted when a charged particle (such as an electron) passes through a dielectric medium (such as distilled water) at a speed greater than the phase velocity ...
The experimenters used an algorithm, maximum likelihood, to search for the time shift that best made the two distributions to coincide. The shift so calculated, the statistically measured neutrino arrival time, was approximately 60 nanoseconds shorter than the 2.4 milliseconds neutrinos would have taken if they traveled just at light speed.
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Beyond the Standard Model. In particle physics, CP violation is a violation of CP-symmetry (or charge conjugation parity symmetry ): the combination of C-symmetry ( charge conjugation symmetry) and P-symmetry ( parity symmetry). CP-symmetry states that the laws of physics should be the same if a particle is interchanged with its antiparticle (C ...
Time dilation. Time dilation is the difference in elapsed time as measured by two clocks, either because of a relative velocity between them ( special relativity ), or a difference in gravitational potential between their locations ( general relativity ). When unspecified, "time dilation" usually refers to the effect due to velocity.