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The Black Sash was founded on 19 May 1955 by six middle-class white women, Jean Sinclair, Ruth Foley, Elizabeth McLaren, Tertia Pybus, Jean Bosazza and Helen Newton-Thompson. [1] The organisation was founded as the Women’s Defence of the Constitution League but was eventually shortened by the press as the Black Sash due to the women's habit ...
Internal resistance to apartheid in South Africa originated from several independent sectors of South African society and took forms ranging from social movements and passive resistance to guerrilla warfare. Mass action against the ruling National Party (NP) government, coupled with South Africa's growing international isolation and economic ...
Occupation (s) anti-apartheid activist, political activist, civil rights campaigner and politician. Known for. Black Sash. Political party. Progressive Federal Party. Relatives. Judy Chalmers (sister) Molly Bellhouse Blackburn OLS (12 November 1930 – 28 December 1985) was a South African anti-apartheid activist, political activist, civil ...
The Anti-Apartheid Movement (AAM) was a British organisation that was at the centre of the international movement opposing the South African apartheid system and supporting South Africa's non-white population who were oppressed by the policies of apartheid.
Occupation. political activist. Spouse. Geoffrey Burton. Children. four sons. Parent (s) Molly and Peter Ingouville. Maria Macdiarmid "Mary" Burton (born 19 January 1940, Buenos Aires, Argentina) is a South African activist, former president of the Black Sash and was a commissioner on the Truth and Reconciliation Commission .
Dot Cleminshaw. Dorothy Cleminshaw ( née Mullany; 15 September 1922 – 18 December 2011) was a South African civil rights activist and anti-apartheid activist. A member of the Liberal Party of South Africa, she was a prominent figure in the Black Sash in the Western Cape, known particularly for her research and advocacy on political ...
The Rubicon speech was delivered by South African President P. W. Botha on the evening of 15 August 1985 in Durban. The world was expecting Botha to announce major reforms in his government, including abolishing the apartheid system and the release of Nelson Mandela. [1] However, the speech Botha actually delivered at the time did none of this ...
Biography. Mabhida was born in Thornville, Natal to a peasant family as the fourth of five children. Mabhida was drawn to trade unionism by the late Harry Gwala, then an ardent unionist and member of the South African Communist Party. Mabhida, too, joined the Communist Party in 1942. After many unionists were banned in 1952, his colleagues in ...