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684 Hakuhō earthquake, Nankai earthquake. Earthquake. The first recorded tsunami in Japan struck on 29 November 684 AD off the coast of the Kii, Shikoku, and Awaji region. The earthquake, estimated at a magnitude of 8.4, [40] was followed by a large tsunami, but there are no estimates of the number of deaths. [56]
Diagram of the 1958 Lituya Bay megatsunami, which proved the existence of megatsunamis. A megatsunami is a very large wave created by a large, sudden displacement of material into a body of water. Megatsunamis have different features from ordinary tsunamis. Ordinary tsunamis are caused by underwater tectonic activity (movement of the earth's ...
Smaller (M w 4.2) earthquakes in Japan can trigger tsunamis (called local and regional tsunamis) that can devastate stretches of coastline, but can do so in only a few minutes at a time. Landslides The Tauredunum event was a large tsunami on Lake Geneva in 563 CE, caused by sedimentary deposits destabilised by a landslide.
A seismogram recorded in Massachusetts, United States. The magnitude 9.1 (M w) undersea megathrust earthquake occurred on 11 March 2011 at 14:46 JST (05:46 UTC) in the north-western Pacific Ocean at a relatively shallow depth of 32 km (20 mi), [9] [56] with its epicenter approximately 72 km (45 mi) east of the Oshika Peninsula of Tōhoku, Japan, lasting approximately six minutes.
227,898 dead [5] [6] On 26 December 2004, at 07:58:53 local time ( UTC+7 ), a major earthquake with a magnitude of 9.2–9.3 Mw struck with an epicentre off the west coast of northern Sumatra, Indonesia. The undersea megathrust earthquake, known by the scientific community as the Sumatra–Andaman earthquake, [8] [9] was caused by a rupture ...
List of natural disasters by death toll. Global multihazard mortality risks and distribution (2005) for cyclones, drought, earthquakes, floods, landslides, and volcanoes (excluding heat waves, snowstorms, and other deadly hazards). A natural disaster is a sudden event that causes widespread destruction, major collateral damage, or loss of life ...
The two arms that create the top of the T-shape of the bay are the Gilbert and Crillon inlets and are a part of a trench on the Fairweather Fault. [10] In the past 170 years Lituya Bay has had four tsunamis over 100 ft (30 m): 1854 (395 ft or 120 m), 1899 (200 ft or 60 m), 1936 (490 ft or 150 m), and 1958 (1,720 ft or 520 m). [11] [12]
1,000–6,000 [5] The 1960 Valdivia earthquake and tsunami (Spanish: Terremoto de Valdivia) or the Great Chilean earthquake ( Gran terremoto de Chile) on 22 May 1960 was the most powerful earthquake ever recorded. Most studies have placed it at 9.4–9.6 on the moment magnitude scale, [1] while some studies have placed the magnitude lower than 9.4.