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Map matching is the problem of how to match recorded geographic coordinates to a logical model of the real world, typically using some form of Geographic Information System. The most common approach is to take recorded, serial location points (e.g. from GPS ) and relate them to edges in an existing street graph (network), usually in a sorted ...
Semi-global matching. Semi-global matching ( SGM) is a computer vision algorithm for the estimation of a dense disparity map from a rectified stereo image pair, introduced in 2005 by Heiko Hirschmüller while working at the German Aerospace Center. [1] Given its predictable run time, its favourable trade-off between quality of the results and ...
Matching (graph theory) In the mathematical discipline of graph theory, a matching or independent edge set in an undirected graph is a set of edges without common vertices. [1] In other words, a subset of the edges is a matching if each vertex appears in at most one edge of that matching. Finding a matching in a bipartite graph can be treated ...
Machine learningand data mining. A self-organizing map ( SOM) or self-organizing feature map ( SOFM) is an unsupervised machine learning technique used to produce a low-dimensional (typically two-dimensional) representation of a higher-dimensional data set while preserving the topological structure of the data.
Approximate matching is also used in spam filtering. [5] Record linkage is a common application where records from two disparate databases are matched. String matching cannot be used for most binary data, such as images and music. They require different algorithms, such as acoustic fingerprinting.
Normal distributions transform. The normal distributions transform ( NDT) is a point cloud registration algorithm introduced by Peter Biber and Wolfgang Straßer in 2003, while working at University of Tübingen . The algorithm registers two point clouds by first associating a piecewise normal distribution to the first point cloud, that gives ...
Histogram matching. In image processing, histogram matching or histogram specification is the transformation of an image so that its histogram matches a specified histogram. [1] The well-known histogram equalization method is a special case in which the specified histogram is uniformly distributed. [2]
Structure mapping engine. In artificial intelligence and cognitive science, the structure mapping engine ( SME) is an implementation in software of an algorithm for analogical matching based on the psychological theory of Dedre Gentner. The basis of Gentner's structure-mapping idea is that an analogy is a mapping of knowledge from one domain ...