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Sample size determination or estimation is the act of choosing the number of observations or replicates to include in a statistical sample. The sample size is an important feature of any empirical study in which the goal is to make inferences about a population from a sample. In practice, the sample size used in a study is usually determined ...
ANOVA gauge R&R. ANOVA gage repeatability and reproducibility is a measurement systems analysis technique that uses an analysis of variance (ANOVA) random effects model to assess a measurement system. The evaluation of a measurement system is not limited to gage but to all types of measuring instruments, test methods, and other measurement systems.
Fisher's exact test is a statistical significance test used in the analysis of contingency tables. [1] [2] [3] Although in practice it is employed when sample sizes are small, it is valid for all sample sizes. It is named after its inventor, Ronald Fisher, and is one of a class of exact tests, so called because the significance of the deviation ...
The Kruskal–Wallis test by ranks, Kruskal–Wallis test [1] (named after William Kruskal and W. Allen Wallis ), or one-way ANOVA on ranks [1] is a non-parametric method for testing whether samples originate from the same distribution. [2] [3] [4] It is used for comparing two or more independent samples of equal or different sample sizes.
Jonckheere's trend test. In statistics, the Jonckheere trend test[ 1] (sometimes called the Jonckheere–Terpstra[ 2] test) is a test for an ordered alternative hypothesis within an independent samples (between-participants) design. It is similar to the Kruskal-Wallis test in that the null hypothesis is that several independent samples are from ...
The definitional equation of sample variance is = (¯), where the divisor is called the degrees of freedom (DF), the summation is called the sum of squares (SS), the result is called the mean square (MS) and the squared terms are deviations from the sample mean. ANOVA estimates 3 sample variances: a total variance based on all the observation ...
Linear trend estimation is a statistical technique used to analyze data patterns. Data patterns, or trends, occur when the information gathered, tends to increase or decrease over time, or is influenced by changes in an external factor. Linear trend estimation essentially creates a straight line on a graph of data that models the general ...
Expected mean squares. In statistics, expected mean squares (EMS) are the expected values of certain statistics arising in partitions of sums of squares in the analysis of variance (ANOVA). They can be used for ascertaining which statistic should appear in the denominator in an F-test for testing a null hypothesis that a particular effect is ...