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The Black Sash was founded on 19 May 1955 by six middle-class white women, Jean Sinclair, Ruth Foley, Elizabeth McLaren, Tertia Pybus, Jean Bosazza and Helen Newton-Thompson. [1] The organisation was founded as the Women’s Defence of the Constitution League but was eventually shortened by the press as the Black Sash due to the women's habit ...
The Anti-Apartheid Movement (AAM) was a British organisation that was at the centre of the international movement opposing the South African apartheid system and supporting South Africa's non-white population who were oppressed by the policies of apartheid.
Occupation (s) anti-apartheid activist, political activist, civil rights campaigner and politician. Known for. Black Sash. Political party. Progressive Federal Party. Relatives. Judy Chalmers (sister) Molly Bellhouse Blackburn OLS (12 November 1930 – 28 December 1985) was a South African anti-apartheid activist, political activist, civil ...
Dot Cleminshaw. Dorothy Cleminshaw ( née Mullany; 15 September 1922 – 18 December 2011) was a South African civil rights activist and anti-apartheid activist. A member of the Liberal Party of South Africa, she was a prominent figure in the Black Sash in the Western Cape, known particularly for her research and advocacy on political ...
Internal resistance to apartheid in South Africa originated from several independent sectors of South African society and took forms ranging from social movements and passive resistance to guerrilla warfare. Mass action against the ruling National Party (NP) government, coupled with South Africa's growing international isolation and economic ...
South African Indian Congress. South African Musicians' Alliance. South African Students' Movement. South African Students' Organisation. South African Youth Congress. South African Youth Revolutionary Council. Southern Africa Support Project. Soweto Civic Association. Steve Biko Foundation.
Ruth Hayman (1913 - 1981) was a lawyer and anti- apartheid campaigner. She was one of the first women in South Africa to qualify as an attorney. Through the Black Sash organisation, Hayman offered free legal advice to many people, usually women, who had approached the Black Sash Advice Centre in Johannesburg, and often appeared herself in court ...
Apartheid. uMkhonto weSizwe ( Xhosa pronunciation: [um̩ˈkʰonto we ˈsizwe]; abbreviated MK; English: Spear of the Nation) was the paramilitary wing of the African National Congress (ANC), founded by Nelson Mandela in the wake of the Sharpeville massacre. Its mission was to fight against the South African government.