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Sound localization is a listener's ability to identify the location or origin of a detected sound in direction and distance. The sound localization mechanisms of the mammalian auditory system have been extensively studied. The auditory system uses several cues for sound source localization, including time difference and level difference (or ...
Sound localization in owls. Eurasian eagle-owl in Poland. Most owls are nocturnal or crepuscular birds of prey. Because they hunt at night, they must rely on non-visual senses. Experiments by Roger Payne [1] have shown that owls are sensitive to the sounds made by their prey, not the heat or the smell. In fact, the sound cues are both necessary ...
Absolute threshold of hearing. The absolute threshold of hearing ( ATH ), also known as the absolute hearing threshold or auditory threshold, is the minimum sound level of a pure tone that an average human ear with normal hearing can hear with no other sound present. The absolute threshold relates to the sound that can just be heard by the ...
The acoustic reflex threshold (ART) is the sound pressure level (SPL) from which a sound stimulus with a given frequency will trigger the acoustic reflex. The ART is a function of sound pressure level and frequency. People with normal hearing have an acoustic reflex threshold (ART) around 70–100 dB SPL. People with conductive hearing loss (i ...
A perforated eardrum ( tympanic membrane perforation) is a prick in the eardrum. It can be caused by infection ( otitis media ), trauma, overpressure (loud noise ), inappropriate ear clearing, and changes in middle ear pressure. An otoscope can be used to view the eardrum to diagnose a perforation. Perforations may heal naturally or require ...
The microwave auditory effect, also known as the microwave hearing effect or the Frey effect, consists of the human perception of sounds induced by pulsed or modulated radio frequencies. The perceived sounds are generated directly inside the human head without the need of any receiving electronic device. The effect was first reported by persons ...
Sensorineural hearing loss ( SNHL) is a type of hearing loss in which the root cause lies in the inner ear, sensory organ ( cochlea and associated structures), or the vestibulocochlear nerve ( cranial nerve VIII). SNHL accounts for about 90% of reported hearing loss. [citation needed] SNHL is usually permanent and can be mild, moderate, severe ...
A long-range acoustic device ( LRAD ), acoustic hailing device (AHD) or sound cannon is a specialized loudspeaker that produces sound at high power for communicating at a distance. It has been used as a method of crowd control, which has caused permanent hearing damage, having an extremely high decibel capacity (up to 160 dB measured at one ...