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Open textbook. An open textbook is a textbook licensed under an open license, and made available online to be freely used by students, teachers and members of the public. Many open textbooks are distributed in either print, e-book, or audio formats that may be downloaded or purchased at little or no cost. [1]
Open educational resources ( OER) [ 1] are teaching, learning, and research materials intentionally created and licensed to be free for the end user to own, share, and in most cases, modify. [ 2][ 3] The term "OER" describes publicly accessible materials and resources for any user to use, re-mix, improve, and redistribute under some licenses. [ 4]
OpenStax (formerly OpenStax College) is a nonprofit educational technology initiative based at Rice University. Since 2012, OpenStax has created peer-reviewed, openly-licensed textbooks, which are available in free digital formats and for a low cost in print. Most books are also available in Kindle versions on Amazon.com and in the iBooks Store.
The main academic full-text databases are open archives or link-resolution services, although others operate under different models such as mirroring or hybrid publishers. Such services typically provide access to full text and full-text search, but also metadata about items for which no full text is available.
Z-Library (abbreviated as z-lib, formerly BookFinder) is a shadow library project for file-sharing access to scholarly journal articles, academic texts and general-interest books. It began as a mirror of Library Genesis , but has expanded dramatically.
LibreTexts' current primary support is from the 2018 Open Textbook Pilot Program award from the Department of Education Organization Act. [7] [10] [5] [11] FIPSE [12] Other funding comes from the University of California Davis, the University of California Davis Library, [5] and the California State University System both through MERLOT and its Affordable Learning Solutions (AL$) program.
Open Library. Open Library is an online project intended to create "one web page for every book ever published". Created by Aaron Swartz, [ 3][ 4] Brewster Kahle, [ 5] Alexis Rossi, [ 6] Anand Chitipothu, [ 6] and Rebecca Malamud, [ 6] Open Library is a project of the Internet Archive, a nonprofit organization.
Project Gutenberg ( PG) is a volunteer effort to digitize and archive cultural works, as well as to "encourage the creation and distribution of eBooks ." [2] It was founded in 1971 by American writer Michael S. Hart and is the oldest digital library. [3] Most of the items in its collection are the full texts of books or individual stories in ...