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Frequency response. In signal processing and electronics, the frequency response of a system is the quantitative measure of the magnitude and phase of the output as a function of input frequency. [1] The frequency response is widely used in the design and analysis of systems, such as audio and control systems, where they simplify mathematical ...
Frequency is an important parameter used in science and engineering to specify the rate of oscillatory and vibratory phenomena, such as mechanical vibrations, audio signals ( sound ), radio waves, and light . For example, if a heart beats at a frequency of 120 times per minute (2 hertz), the period—the interval between beats—is half a ...
Photoelectric effect. Photoemission of electrons from a metal plate accompanied by the absorption of light quanta – photons. The photoelectric effect is the emission of electrons from a material caused by electromagnetic radiation such as ultraviolet light. Electrons emitted in this manner are called photoelectrons.
Radio frequency. Radio frequency ( RF) is the oscillation rate of an alternating electric current or voltage or of a magnetic, electric or electromagnetic field or mechanical system in the frequency [1] range from around 20 kHz to around 300 GHz. This is roughly between the upper limit of audio frequencies and the lower limit of infrared ...
A negative frequency causes the sin function (violet) to lead the cos (red) by 1/4 cycle. The ambiguity is resolved when the cosine and sine operators can be observed simultaneously, because cos (ωt + θ) leads sin (ωt + θ) by cycle (i.e. radians) when ω > 0, and lags by cycle when ω < 0. Similarly, a vector, (cos ωt, sin ωt), rotates ...
The Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem is a theorem in the field of signal processing which serves as a fundamental bridge between continuous-time signals and discrete-time signals. It establishes a sufficient condition for a sample rate that permits a discrete sequence of samples to capture all the information from a continuous-time signal of ...
Cyclotron resonance. Cyclotron resonance describes the interaction of external forces with charged particles experiencing a magnetic field, thus moving on a circular path. It is named after the cyclotron, a cyclic particle accelerator that utilizes an oscillating electric field tuned to this resonance to add kinetic energy to charged particles.
Electromagnetic interference ( EMI ), also called radio-frequency interference ( RFI) when in the radio frequency spectrum, is a disturbance generated by an external source that affects an electrical circuit by electromagnetic induction, electrostatic coupling, or conduction. [1] The disturbance may degrade the performance of the circuit or ...