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As with directional microphones, the polar pattern for an "omnidirectional" microphone is a function of frequency. The body of the microphone is not infinitely small and, as a consequence, it tends to get in its own way with respect to sounds arriving from the rear, causing a slight flattening of the polar response.
A boundary microphone (or pressure zone microphone) is one or more small omnidirectional or cardioid condenser mic capsule (s) positioned near or flush with a boundary (surface) such as a floor, table, or wall. The capsule (s) are typically mounted in a flat plate or housing. The arrangement provides a directional half-space pickup pattern ...
The microphone's diaphragm is placed between the two ports; sound arriving from an ambient sound field reaches both ports more or less equally. Sound that's much closer to the front port than to the rear will make more of a pressure gradient between the front and back of the diaphragm, causing it to move more.
The proximity effect in audio is an increase in bass or low frequency response when a sound source is close to a directional or cardioid microphone. [1] [2] Proximity effect is a change in the frequency response of a directional pattern microphone that results in an emphasis on lower frequencies. It is caused by the use of ports to create ...
A microphone array is any number of microphones operating in tandem. There are many applications: Locating objects by sound: acoustic source localization, e.g., military use to locate the source (s) of artillery fire. Aircraft location and tracking. Typically, an array is made up of omnidirectional microphones, directional microphones, or a mix ...
Most external microphone designs are of either omnidirectional or noise-canceling type. Noise-canceling microphone headsets use a bi-directional microphone as elements. A bi-directional microphone's receptive field has two angles only. Its receptive field is limited to only the front and the direct opposite back of the microphone.