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The thin line represents the electric potential along the axis. Electron beam ion trap ( EBIT) is an electromagnetic bottle that produces and confines highly charged ions. An EBIT uses an electron beam focused with a powerful magnetic field to ionize atoms to high charge states by successive electron impact.
Charge trap flash ( CTF) is a semiconductor memory technology used in creating non-volatile NOR and NAND flash memory. It is a type of floating-gate MOSFET memory technology, but differs from the conventional floating-gate technology in that it uses a silicon nitride film to store electrons rather than the doped polycrystalline silicon typical ...
The positron or antielectron is the particle with an electric charge of +1 e, a spin of 1/2 (the same as the electron), and the same mass as an electron. It is the antiparticle ( antimatter counterpart) of the electron. When a positron collides with an electron, annihilation occurs. If this collision occurs at low energies, it results in the ...
Scientists. v. t. e. Earnshaw's theorem states that a collection of point charges cannot be maintained in a stable stationary equilibrium configuration solely by the electrostatic interaction of the charges. This was first proven by British mathematician Samuel Earnshaw in 1842. It is usually cited in reference to magnetic fields, but was first ...
The mass-to-charge ratio ( m / Q) is a physical quantity relating the mass (quantity of matter) and the electric charge of a given particle, expressed in units of kilograms per coulomb (kg/C). It is most widely used in the electrodynamics of charged particles, e.g. in electron optics and ion optics .
The trap-forming hologram also can specify the mode structure of each trap individually, thereby creating arrays of optical vortices, optical tweezers, and holographic line traps, for example. [55] When implemented with a spatial light modulator , such holographic optical traps also can move objects in three dimensions. [ 56 ]
Collision-induced dissociation ( CID ), also known as collisionally activated dissociation ( CAD ), is a mass spectrometry technique to induce fragmentation of selected ions in the gas phase. [1] [2] The selected ions (typically molecular ions or protonated molecules) are usually accelerated by applying an electrical potential to increase the ...
The triboelectric effect (also known as triboelectricity, triboelectric charging, triboelectrification, or tribocharging) describes electric charge transfer between two objects when they contact or slide against each other. It can occur with different materials, such as the sole of a shoe on a carpet, or between two pieces of the same material.