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Sensorineural hearing loss ( SNHL) is a type of hearing loss in which the root cause lies in the inner ear, sensory organ ( cochlea and associated structures), or the vestibulocochlear nerve ( cranial nerve VIII). SNHL accounts for about 90% of reported hearing loss. [citation needed] SNHL is usually permanent and can be mild, moderate, severe ...
Bone conduction. Bone conduction is the conduction of sound to the inner ear primarily through the bones of the skull, allowing the hearer to perceive audio content even if the ear canal is blocked. Bone conduction transmission occurs constantly as sound waves vibrate bone, specifically the bones in the skull, although it is hard for the ...
Absolute threshold of hearing. The absolute threshold of hearing ( ATH ), also known as the absolute hearing threshold or auditory threshold, is the minimum sound level of a pure tone that an average human ear with normal hearing can hear with no other sound present. The absolute threshold relates to the sound that can just be heard by the ...
Auditory fatigue. Auditory fatigue is defined as a temporary loss of hearing after exposure to sound. This results in a temporary shift of the auditory threshold known as a temporary threshold shift (TTS). The damage can become permanent ( permanent threshold shift, PTS) if sufficient recovery time is not allowed before continued sound exposure ...
The acoustic reflex threshold (ART) is the sound pressure level (SPL) from which a sound stimulus with a given frequency will trigger the acoustic reflex. The ART is a function of sound pressure level and frequency. People with normal hearing have an acoustic reflex threshold (ART) around 70–100 dB SPL. People with conductive hearing loss (i ...
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Pain from sound sometimes radiates to the face, scalp, and neck. This may be due to the trigeminocervical complex in the brainstem, which integrates input from and output to various regions of the head and neck, including the middle ear. Of note, the tensor tympani muscle is innervated by the trigeminal nerve.
Tinnitus is a variety of sound that is heard when no corresponding external sound is present. [1] Nearly everyone experiences faint "normal tinnitus" in a completely quiet room; but it is of concern only if it is bothersome, interferes with normal hearing, or is associated with other problems. [6] The word tinnitus comes from the Latin tinnire ...