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Radiation hormesis. Alternative assumptions for the extrapolation of the cancer risk vs. radiation dose to low-dose levels, given a known risk at a high dose: supra-linearity (A), linear (B), linear-quadratic (C) and hormesis (D). Radiation hormesis is the hypothesis that low doses of ionizing radiation (within the region of and just above ...
Radiation-induced cancer. Exposure to ionizing radiation is known to increase the future incidence of cancer, particularly leukemia. The mechanism by which this occurs is well understood, but quantitative models predicting the level of risk remain controversial. The most widely accepted model posits that the incidence of cancers due to ionizing ...
Cancer is caused by genetic changes leading to uncontrolled cell growth and tumor formation. The basic cause of sporadic (non-familial) cancers is DNA damage and genomic instability. [ 1][ 2] A minority of cancers are due to inherited genetic mutations. [ 3] Most cancers are related to environmental, lifestyle, or behavioral exposures. [ 4]
The drug led to 15.7% weight loss in the combined population of people with and without type 2 diabetes, compared with 2.2% for the placebo, Lilly said. For the non-diabetes patients, weight loss ...
Health effects of radon. The health effects of radon are harmful, and include an increased chance of lung cancer. Radon is a radioactive, colorless, odorless, tasteless noble gas, which has been studied by a number of scientific and medical bodies for its effects on health. A naturally-occurring gas formed as a decay product of radium, radon is ...
For breast cancer, the relative risk is 1.8 with a first-degree relative having developed it at 50 years of age or older, and 3.3 when the relative developed it when being younger than 50 years of age. [84] Taller people have an increased risk of cancer because they have more cells than shorter people.
Cancer immunotherapy ( immuno-oncotherapy) is the stimulation of the immune system to treat cancer, improving the immune system's natural ability to fight the disease. [ 1] It is an application of the fundamental research of cancer immunology ( immuno-oncology) and a growing subspecialty of oncology . Cancer immunotherapy exploits the fact that ...
Most people are infected at some point in time [ 4] Human papillomavirus infection ( HPV infection) is caused by a DNA virus from the Papillomaviridae family. [ 5] Many HPV infections cause no symptoms and 90% resolve spontaneously within two years. [ 1] In some cases, an HPV infection persists and results in either warts or precancerous ...